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U.S. embassies in Kenya and Tanzania killed hundreds of people; the most deadly attack in the thirty-year
conflict in Northern Ireland took place in the town of Omagh; and a pipebomb exploded at a Planet
Hollywood restaurant in Cape Town, injuring scores of tourists. However, the term "terrorism" is
misleading because it implies that certain acts of violence can be treated as a single phenomenon, despite
their different origins and the variety of motivations of their perpetrators. Western governments have
tended to use the term to demonize any violent group, notwithstanding the different contexts in which
violence takes place, and the varying inclinations of perpetrators to jeopardize the lives of innocent
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Library of Congress Federal Research Division Future Trends in Terrorism
bystanders.
Keyword(s): terrorism; antiterrorism; combating terrorism
Hayward, Douglas. "Net-Based Terrorism a Myth," TechWeb, November 19, 1997, 1-2.
The article highlights a statement made by Neil Barrett, a principal security consultant for Groupe Bull, at
a seminar on digital terrorism held at the International Centre for Security Analysis in London. According
to Barrett, terrorist groups are not using the Internet for anything more than propaganda and internal
communications. However, terrorist leaders are aware that the Internet could be used as a conduit for
information warfare (IW) attacks aimed at crippling information security (IS) systems crucial to the
operation of military and civilian organizations. Barrett explained that reports of Net-based terrorist
incidents are based on a misunderstanding of the difference between terrorism and malicious or politically
motivated hacking.
Keyword(s): technology; cyberterrorism; information warfare; infrastructure protection
Hayward, Douglas. "Terrorists Target the Net," TechWeb News, May 8, 1998, .
Terrorist groups are looking to launch Net-based attacks on the computer networks of governments and
businesses, according to speakers at an international security conference held in Brussels. Some terrorists
are already considering how to use the Net to launch "information warfare" attacks against the
information technologies (IT) infrastructures of governments, utilities, and businesses. Organizations such
as the Irish Republican Army (IRA) have noticed recently that computer systems are often the most
important and expensive casualty of bombs placed in commercial areas. This has encouraged terrorist
groups to consider ways of crippling their enemies' IT capabilities. Evidence of a shift by terrorists toward
attacks on economic infrastructure targets is already emerging, according to a second British academic at
the conference.
Keyword(s): technology; cyberterrorism; information warfare; combating terrorism; antiterrorism
Henderson, D.A. "Bioterrorism as a Public Health Threat," Emerging Infectious Diseases, 4, No. 3,
July-September 1998, [np].
The long ignored and denied threat of bioterrorism has heightened over the past few years. Recent events
in Iraq, Japan, and Russia cast an ominous shadow. Two candidate agents are of special concern:
smallpox and anthrax. The magnitude of the problems and the gravity of the scenarios associated with
release of these organisms have been vividly portrayed by two epidemics of smallpox in Europe during
the 1970s and by an accidental release of aerosolized anthrax from a Russian bioweapons facility in 1979.
Efforts in the United States to deal with possible incidents involving bioweapons in the civilian sector
have only recently begun and have made only limited progress. Only with substantial additional resources
at the federal, state, and local levels can a credible and meaningful response be mounted. For longer-term
solutions, the medical community must educate both the public and policy makers about bioterrorism and
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Library of Congress Federal Research Division Future Trends in Terrorism
build a global consensus condemning its use.
Keyword(s): CBRNC; biological weapons of mass destruction; biological terrorism; antiterrorism;
counterterrorism; combating terrorism
Heylin, Michael. "Technology and the Changing Face of War," Chemical and Engineering News, 76, No.
19, May 11, 1998, 26.
An article in the April 27, 1998, issue of Aviation Week and Space Technology reported on the
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